Maytag Refrigerator Start Relay vs. Capacitor Failure:... | appliancefaults.com

Technical Background:

The Maytag refrigerator uses a start relay and start capacitor to provide an extra boost of voltage to the compressor motor during startup. The start relay engages the start winding, and the capacitor provides the necessary phase shift. The MCU (Microcontroller Unit) on the control board initiates the start sequence, ensuring proper voltage paths to the compressor.

Symptoms:

The refrigerator hums but doesn't start, clicks on and off repeatedly, or the compressor runs intermittently. The freezer might be warmer than usual, and the refrigerator compartment may not cool properly.

Possible Causes:

Overheated start relay.
Weak or failed start capacitor.
Compressor windings shorted or open.
Low line voltage to the refrigerator.
Loose wiring connections at the start relay or capacitor.
Control board malfunction preventing proper start sequence.

Solution:

1

Unplug the refrigerator from the outlet and verify power using a multimeter; should read 120V AC.
2

Locate the start relay and capacitor, typically mounted on the side of the compressor.
3

Discharge the capacitor using an insulated screwdriver to short across its terminals. Be careful; it can hold a charge!
4

Disconnect the start relay and capacitor from the compressor.
5

Test the start relay for continuity using a multimeter. An open or shorted relay needs replacement.
6

Test the capacitor with a capacitance meter. The reading should be within the capacitor's specified tolerance. Replace if outside tolerance.
7

Check the compressor windings for shorts to ground. Use a multimeter to test from each terminal to the compressor body. Any continuity indicates a failed compressor.

Safety Warning:

Always disconnect power (LOTO - Lock Out/Tag Out) to the refrigerator before performing any repairs. Capacitors can hold a dangerous electrical charge even after the unit is unplugged. High voltage is present when the refrigerator is operating.

Prevention:

Ensure proper ventilation around the refrigerator to prevent overheating. Check the condenser coils regularly and clean them with a vacuum cleaner brush attachment. Avoid overloading the refrigerator with food, as this can strain the compressor.

Expert Tip:

After replacing the start relay and capacitor, use a clamp meter to check the compressor's amp draw during startup and while running. Compare the readings to the compressor's nameplate data to ensure it's operating within normal parameters. To force a defrost cycle press and hold the freezer temperature DOWN and refrigerator temperature UP buttons simultaneously for approximately 10 seconds. This can help determine if defrost components are contributing to the issue.

Frequently Asked Questions

•What is the typical capacitance value for a Maytag refrigerator start capacitor?

The capacitance value varies depending on the compressor size, but it's typically in the range of 50-100 microfarads. Check the capacitor's label for the exact value.

•How do I determine if the compressor windings are shorted if I don't have a multimeter?

While a multimeter is the most reliable tool, visual inspection for burnt or melted wiring near the compressor terminals can sometimes indicate a shorted winding. However, a multimeter is highly recommended for accurate diagnosis.

•If the start relay and capacitor test good, what other components could be causing the no-start condition?

Other potential causes include a faulty compressor, a defective control board, or a problem with the overload protector. Check the overload protector for continuity and inspect the control board for any signs of damage or burnt components.

Maytag Refrigerator Start Relay vs. Capacitor Failure: Symptoms and Testing Guide

Technical Background:

Symptoms:

Possible Causes:

Solution:

Safety Warning:

Prevention:

Expert Tip:

Frequently Asked Questions

•What is the typical capacitance value for a Maytag refrigerator start capacitor?

•How do I determine if the compressor windings are shorted if I don't have a multimeter?

•If the start relay and capacitor test good, what other components could be causing the no-start condition?

Related questions

Technical Background:

Symptoms:

Possible Causes:

Solution:

Safety Warning:

Prevention:

Expert Tip: