Hotpoint Refrigerator Compressor Overheating:... | appliancefaults.com

Technical Background:

The refrigerator's Main Control Unit (MCU) controls the compressor and fans based on temperature sensor readings. When the compressor is running, it generates heat. The condenser fan helps dissipate this heat. If the compressor is overheating, it could be due to problems with the compressor itself, the cooling system, or the electrical components that control it. The voltage path to the compressor originates at the breaker panel, passes through the overload protector, start relay, and finally to the compressor windings.

Symptoms:

The homeowner observes that the refrigerator compressor is very hot to the touch, but both the evaporator fan (inside the freezer) and the condenser fan (near the compressor) are running. The refrigerator may not be cooling properly, or the compressor may be cycling on and off frequently.

Possible Causes:

Dirty condenser coils restricting heat dissipation.
A failing start relay or capacitor preventing proper compressor start-up.
Overcharge of refrigerant, leading to high-pressure conditions.
Restricted or blocked capillary tube, causing excessive compressor workload.
Compressor motor windings shorting or partially open.
Inefficient or faulty compressor.

Solution:

1

Unplug the refrigerator from the 120V AC outlet. Always Lock Out/Tag Out.
2

Clean the condenser coils thoroughly with a vacuum cleaner and a brush. The coils are typically located at the back or bottom of the refrigerator.
3

Check the compressor start relay and capacitor using a multimeter. The start relay should have continuity when cold and no continuity when hot. Replace if defective.
4

Using a manifold gauge set, check the refrigerant pressures. High head pressure indicates a possible overcharge or restriction. Consult the unit's data plate for correct refrigerant type and charge.
5

If a restriction is suspected, a licensed technician should recover the refrigerant, flush the system, and replace the filter drier. This is a sealed system repair requiring EPA 608 certification.
6

Check the compressor windings with a multimeter. Resistance should be within specified limits for all three windings. Open windings or short to ground indicate a failed compressor. Replace compressor.
7

After any sealed system work, evacuate the system to 500 microns and recharge with the correct refrigerant type and amount.

Safety Warning:

Always disconnect power before servicing. Compressors operate at high voltages. Lock Out/Tag Out (LOTO) the breaker before beginning any repairs. Refrigerant is under high pressure and can cause frostbite.

Prevention:

Clean the condenser coils at least twice a year. Ensure the refrigerator has proper ventilation around it.

Expert Tip:

Some Hotpoint refrigerators have a service mode that allows you to run the compressor and fans independently for testing. Press and hold the freezer and refrigerator temperature DOWN buttons simultaneously for 5 seconds to enter service mode. Consult the service manual for specific tests.

Frequently Asked Questions

•What are the typical resistance values I should see when testing the compressor windings?

The resistance values for the compressor windings vary depending on the compressor model. Consult the service manual or technical data sheet for your specific Hotpoint refrigerator model. Generally, you should see a low resistance (e.g., 2-10 ohms) between each of the three windings (common, start, and run). A very high resistance (open circuit) or very low resistance (short circuit) indicates a problem.

•How do I safely discharge the capacitor before testing it?

Use a 20,000-ohm, 2-watt resistor to slowly discharge the capacitor. Connect the resistor leads to the capacitor terminals for several seconds. Then, use a multimeter to verify that the voltage is near zero before handling the capacitor.

•Where can I find the correct refrigerant charge amount for my Hotpoint refrigerator?

The refrigerant charge amount (in ounces) and refrigerant type are typically listed on a data plate located on the back of the refrigerator, near the compressor. It may also be inside the refrigerator compartment on a sticker near the door.

Hotpoint Refrigerator Compressor Overheating: Troubleshooting Guide

Technical Background:

Symptoms:

Possible Causes:

Solution:

Safety Warning:

Prevention:

Expert Tip:

Frequently Asked Questions

•What are the typical resistance values I should see when testing the compressor windings?

•How do I safely discharge the capacitor before testing it?

•Where can I find the correct refrigerant charge amount for my Hotpoint refrigerator?

Related questions

Technical Background:

Symptoms:

Possible Causes:

Solution:

Safety Warning:

Prevention:

Expert Tip: